Seedlings grow unbelievably fast....a variety that bears in 50-70 days that was 4-6 weeks old and was planted outside on June 1st would still give you tomatoes by end of July, early August...
But...bear with me here. Days to maturity starts from when you transplant, right? I've read (and I don't believe everything I read, but....) that a 6 week old plant that is then transplanted will bear about the same time and same yield as something that is older, but has been in a small pot, and is transplanted at the same time as the much younger/smaller plant. Similar readings reinforced that there was no benefit from starting plants indoors more than 6-8 weeks prior to transplanting.
One year I planted a couple relatively small plants that I'd started along with 1 plant I bought at a garden center that was 3 to 4 times the size of my plants. The older plant yielded fruit about a week before the ones I started. After about 6 weeks of being out, the young ones had almost caught up to the older one.
I also read one time (again, grain of salt) that you were much better off planting tomatoes that were only about 6-8 weeks old because older/larger plants purchased from a store (and I think they meant plants that were already blooming) will not yield as much (something about having been stressed too much early?)
Wanting to know a bit more, I did a bit of Internet research. Here are some reports about the topic:
Transplant size related to yieldPotential contradictionReview of studies since 1924Similar results to aboveWhat I can't find is how purchasing a larger/older plant from a store affects yield. I just read several places that say a plant at a store that is large and blooming or that has tomatoes will yield less that a much younger/smaller plant, given both plants are transplanted at the same time. But, I haven't yet corroborated it.